SA is mainly metabolized by the liver into its glycine conjugate, salicyluric acid, and its glucuronic acid conjugates, salicyl phenolic glucuronide and salicyl acyl glucuronide. Both acids are weak - the negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (pK a) for acetylsalicylic acid is 3.5 and for salicylic acid is 3.0 - and at physiologic pH exist primarily in the ionized form (SA). 5,6 As the plasma level of acetylsalicylic acid falls, there is a rapid rise in the salicylic acid level. Salicylate (SA) Metabolism under Conditions of Therapeutic Dosing and Toxicity.Īcetylsalicylic acid is a prodrug with a short half-life (approximately 20 minutes) because of rapid hydrolysis to salicylic acid by serine esterases in the intestinal wall, erythrocytes, and liver. Subsequent work during the second half of the 19th century defined the chemical structure and established efficient methods of synthesis, ultimately leading to registration of the drug under the name Aspirin by Friedrich Bayer and Company in 1899. 3 An unstable form of acetylsalicylic acid was chemically synthesized for the first time by the French chemist Charles Frédéric Gerhardt in 1853. His student Cesare Bertagnini later reported the onset of a continuous noise in his ears, now recognized as tinnitus, after voluntarily ingesting approximately 6 g of the compound over a period of 2 days. In 1838, the Italian chemist Raffaele Pirìa produced salicylic acid from salicin, the medically active ingredient in the willow. Use of salicylates as therapeutic agents dates back more than 3500 years, when it was recognized that the bark of the willow tree possessed analgesic and antipyretic properties. The most trusted, influential source of new medical knowledge and clinical best practices in the world. Information and tools for librarians about site license offerings. Valuable tools for building a rewarding career in health care. The authorized source of trusted medical research and education for the Chinese-language medical community. The most advanced way to teach, practice, and assess clinical reasoning skills. Information, resources, and support needed to approach rotations - and life as a resident.
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